Example problems
nDuplicated code
nLong method
nLong parameter list
nComments
nLazy class
Fowler has a long list of problems with code.  He calls them bad smells, because something is rotten and stinks.  Here are just a couple of examples.

Code duplication often arises from copy and past programming.

A long method may be trying to do too many things at once and should instead be coordinating several other methods that whittle away at the task.  Does anyone have a recommendation on how long a method should be?

Long parameter lists are often difficult to understand.

The author compares comments to deodorant.  He says that they cover up the smell, but don’t really remove it.

A lazy class is one that doesn’t do enough work.  Our example might be like this.  It has only one method and that is a class method.  There are no instance or even class variables.